HMGB1 and intracerebral hemorrhage: Another rat study model of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) demonstrated that administration of anti-HMGB1 mAb inhibited HMGB1, brain edema, microglial activation, mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and apoptotic cell death in peri-hematoma areas, leading to improved neurological performance and reduced plasma levels of HMGB1 [31].