SPP1 and colorectal carcinoma: Our analysis revealed a complex interactome of hub proteins (including immune regulators FCGR3A and IL17A, inflammatory mediators IL1A and CXCL1, adhesion molecules CD44 and SPP1, chemokines CXCL12 and CCL5, and the transcription factor MYC) linking ISD and CRC, underscoring the intricate interplay between immune dysregulation, chronic inflammation, and altered cellular adhesion in disease progression.