TP53 and neoplasm: In tumor cells, the stability of mutant p53 proteins is elevated, which can upregulate the transcription of secreted proteins through three mechanisms: (1) mutant p53 directly enhances the transcription of secreted proteins; (2) mutant p53 indirectly promotes the transcription of secreted proteins by binding to other transcription factors; (3) mutant p53 regulates the transcription of secreted proteins indirectly through micro-RNAs, accelerating tumor progression [44].