The early diagnosis and prognosis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), as well as neuro-ophthalmic disorders like multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica (NMO), and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody disease, represent some of the most pressing challenges in clinical neurology and ophthalmology [1,2,3]. The gene discussed is OMG; the disease is neuromyelitis optica.