Consequently, the mutations and dysfunction of PARP activity have been linked to a range of pathologies, including malignancies, neurodegenerative diseases (such as ataxia-telangiectasia and Cockayne syndrome, as well as Xeroderma pigmentosum group A), brain injuries, inflammatory diseases, and metabolic disorders [178,179,180,246]. The gene discussed is PARP1; the disease is neurodegenerative disease.