Duan et al. reported that the hypoxic HNSCC-derived exosomal miR-5100 promoted the activation of cancer-associated fibroblasts by orchestrating the QKI/AKT/STAT3 axis, which then facilitated HNSCC metastasis and also revealed that miR-5100 derived from plasma exosomes indicated HNSCC malignant progression, suggesting that miR-5100 might be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for HNSCC [88]. Here, AKT1 is linked to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.