These immunotoxicity and inflammatory responses triggered by AFB1 exposure involve multiple signaling pathways, including the cell cycle arrest, MAPK, NF-κB, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), PKC, Wnt/β-catenin, and NLRP3 pathways [2,153,157,158,159,160,161]. This evidence concerns the gene TLR4 and immune system toxicity.