HMOX1 and neuroblastoma: For example, research on carrot-derived EVs has demonstrated their ability to restore the Nrf2 pathway and increase the expression of antioxidant proteins, such as HO-1 and NQO-1, in H9C2 cardiomyocytes and SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, thereby regulating intracellular ROS levels [44].