TNF and cancer: In 1985, Cerami's group236, 237 demonstrated that circulating mediators could induce cachexia, identifying TNF‐α, initially termed “cachectin.” In cancer cachexia, proinflammatory cytokines produced by immune and tumor cells—particularly TNF‐α, interleukin‐1, ‐6, and ‐8 (IL‐1, IL‐6, IL‐8), and IFNγ—play significant roles in driving the wasting phenotype associated with this syndrome and are classified as procachetic factors.238