The benefits witnessed in the previous trials were finally confirmed in the phase 3 CheckMate 816 trial, which randomized 358 patients with stage IB (≥ 4 cm)–IIIA (AJCC 7th edition) NSCLC without ALK translocations or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations to three cycles of nivolumab plus platinum-based chemotherapy or platinum-based chemotherapy alone [27]. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.