Examples include: i) MI-219: Blocks MDM2's E3 ligase activity, stabilizing p53 and enhancing its tumor-suppressive functions (Yang et al., 2021[255]); ii) Lithocholic Acid: Inhibits MDM2's E3 ligase function, leading to increased stability and activity of p53 (Yao et al., 2024[256]); iii) Oridonin: A diterpenoid that inhibits MDM2's E3 ligase activity, resulting in the stabilization and accumulation of p53 (Zhu et al., 2019[276]) (Figure 4(Fig. 4)). This evidence concerns the gene MDM2 and neoplasm.