Early insulin initiation was more common in people diagnosed with type 3c diabetes compared to people with T2D, most marked in those with PEI (PEI: 43.7% insulin treated at 3 years; hazard ratio [HR] 17.27 [95% CI 15.96–18.69], without PEI: 20.3% insulin treated at 3 years; HR 6.79 [95% CI 6.46–7.13] [Table 1, Figure S3]). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.