The TP53 pathway is hypothesized to play a crucial role in inhibiting the phenotypic and genomic alterations that are often associated with cancer development through a complex interplay of vital cellular processes such as cell division, maintenance of genomic stability, apoptosis, autophagy, the immune response, and regulation of the tumour microenvironment (Boutelle and Attardi 2021; Marei et al. 2021). This evidence concerns the gene TP53 and neoplasm.