TNF and rheumatoid arthritis: In the comprehensive management of rheumatological diseases, treatment for RA and SpA involves disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), with traditional options like methotrexate, biologic DMARDs (such as TNF‐inhibitors, anti‐IL‐6 in RA, and anti‐IL17/23 in SpA) and targeted synthetic (ts) DMARDs (such as JAK inhibitors) designed to modify the course of the disease [48, 49]; nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and corticosteroids to provide symptomatic relief.