ALB and medical procedure: We found that “lenvatinib” (cluster 0), “raf kinase” (cluster 10), “consensus” (cluster 12), and “mcl-1” (cluster 13) are early research hotspots, and “stat3” (cluster 8) is a mid-term research hotspot; “immunotherapy” (cluster 1), “sorafenib” (cluster 2), “sorafenib resistance” (cluster 3), “transarterial chemoembolization” (cluster 4), “ferroptosis” (cluster 5), “albumin bilirubin grade” (cluster 6), “cuproptosis” (cluster 7), “pregnancy x receptor” (cluster 9), and “liver cancer stem cell” (cluster 11) are hot topics and current trends in this field.