GSEA of oncogenic and immunogenic pathways related to TPD52 revealed that B cell receptor signalling pathway, breast cancer, MAPK signalling pathway, NOTCH signalling pathway, PD‐L1 and PD‐1 checkpoint pathway in cancer, PI3K‐Akt signalling pathway, T‐cell receptor signalling pathway, TGF‐beta signalling pathway, TNF signalling pathway, VEGF signalling pathway, WNT signalling pathway and p53 signalling pathway were highly connected to TPD52 (Figure 3). Here, TNF is linked to cancer.