Our data point to an important role of astrocytes in the gene expression changes and decreased NRF2 signaling induced by loss of Park7. Indeed, reduction of NRF2 in astrocytes has been associated with increased PD pathology49, while NRF2 overexpression induces cytoprotection and reduction of symptoms46,48,50,51. Here, NFE2L2 is linked to Parkinson disease.