Chronic inflammatory responses accompanied by the infiltrationof immune cells in various tissues have been associated with the incidenceof insulin resistance and diabetes.26 Ourresults show that proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, such asInterleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α), Interferongamma (IFN-γ), and Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1),were elevated in the muscle tissues of HFD-fed mice. Here, TNF is linked to diabetes mellitus.