Remarkably, GDF15 emerged as the top protein associated with an increased risk of all diseases and mortality, excluding T2D, while M8 demonstrated the strongest association with T2D (hazard ratio (HR) of 2.14, 95% CI 2.02 to 2.27, P = 1.6 × 10−146, N = 36,534). This evidence concerns the gene GDF15 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.