Additionally, a biomarker study using CheckMate 040 identified a 4-gene inflammatory signature consisting of PD-L1, CD8A, LAG-3, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 associated with higher ORR and improved OS in ICI-treated HCC, suggesting that the presence of an inflammatory signature may indicate a tumor microenvironment with an abundance of exhausted T cells that could be more amenable to ICI therapy [41]. Here, CD8A is linked to neoplasm.