Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological correlation between LAG-3 and PD-L1 expression, the tumor immune microenvironment, and its predictive value in chemoimmunotherapy-treated ABTC, primarily using tissue samples from the T1219 phase 2 trial, in which nivolumab combined with modified gemcitabine and S-1 was evaluated as a frontline treatment for ABTC [19]. Here, CD274 is linked to neoplasm.