In patients with stage IV RCC, there was a difference in TIIC profiles between sexes, including lower numbers of CD45 + T cells/living cells, NKT cells/living cells, T cells/living cells, CD8 + T cells/living cells, and CD16 + NK cells/living cells in female patients than in male patients (p < 0.05) (Fig. 3 and Supplementary Table 7). Here, CD8A is linked to renal cell carcinoma.