Studies conducted on PCOS-like rat models have revealed that treatment with selenium nanoparticles, either alone or in combination with metformin, can restore the estrus cycle, reduce blood glucose, and insulin levels, improve hyperlipidemia, reduce serum testosterone levels and enhanced ovarian histopathology, accompanied by decreased levels of serum pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6 as well as oxidative stress biomarkers MDA and GPX in the ovarian tissues (207–209). This evidence concerns the gene INS and polycystic ovary syndrome.