Studies conducted on PCOS-like rat models have revealed that treatment with selenium nanoparticles, either alone or in combination with metformin, can restore the estrus cycle, reduce blood glucose, and insulin levels, improve hyperlipidemia, reduce serum testosterone levels and enhanced ovarian histopathology, accompanied by decreased levels of serum pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6 as well as oxidative stress biomarkers MDA and GPX in the ovarian tissues (207–209). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is polycystic ovary syndrome.