The analysis of differences in the effects of IL-6 signaling pathways among key kidney cell types, including podocytes, renal endothelial cells (RECs), mesangial cells (MCs), renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs), and renal fibroblasts, will enhance the understanding of the “good or bad” effects of IL-6 on these cells, thereby uncovering the intrinsic relationship between IL-6 and DKD. Here, IL6 is linked to diabetic kidney disease.