SERPINE1 and gastric cancer: To elucidate the role of SERPINE1 in GC progression, its impact on GC cell proliferation was analyzed through both in vitro and in vivo studies. Immunofluorescence further confirmed the cellular localization and expression of SERPINE1 protein in silenced and overexpressed cells, which was mainly localized in the cytoplasm (Fig. 4A), and the protein expression was consistent with the results of qRT-PCR (Fig. S1G–J) and western blotting (Fig. S1K).