HAMP and hereditary hemochromatosis: transferrin receptor 2 (TfR2), which acts as an iron sensor that can bind iron-loaded transferrin in the bloodstream, and hepatocytes leading to hepcidin upregulation.110,111 Mutations in these key hepcidin regulating genes that leads to a reduced production of hepcidin, or mutations in hepcidin and ferroportin, can lead to an iron overload disorder called hereditary hemochromatosis (HH).