Further analysis of the factors affecting EBV IgM positivity revealed that gender(OR=1.479, 95% CI 1.169–1.872, P=0.001), age[compared with the group younger than 18 years, the 18–50-year age group(OR=0.584, 95% CI 0.421–0.820, P=0.002), the >50-year age group(OR=0.389, 95% CI 0.248–0.610, P<0.001)], and the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions(OR=2.360, 95% CI 1.287–3.047, P<0.001)were independent factors influencing EBV IgM positivity in the general population. Here, CD40LG is linked to COVID-19.