The ROC curve showed that except for P53 (AUC = 0.547, P = 0.211) and GAGE7 (AUC = 0.557, P = 0.130), the remaining five antibodies played a role in the diagnosis of ESCC, and the diagnostic value of MAGE A1 was the highest (AUC = 0.653, P < 0.001). This evidence concerns the gene TP53 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.