CDH23 and deafness: In addition, the mutation of Cdh23 gene induces apoptosis in HCs and is thought to be a pathological cause in patients with non-syndromic autosomal recessive deafness (DFNB12) and USH type 1D (USH1D; Bolz et al., 2001; Bork et al., 2001; Miyagawa et al., 2012; Han et al., 2012).