PDCD4 and cancer: We also found that, compared to NK cells, ECs display elevated production of various pro-inflammatory cytokines or chemokines (e.g., IL-1B, TGF-B1, and IL-6), increased cell movement (e.g., SMCs, muscle cells and cancer cell lines), and induced formation of endothelial tube, along with inhibition of PDCD4 (programmed cell death 4) as shown in Figure 3F.