Additionally, quantitative PCR analyzed the genes related to TAM polarization (M1 markers: Nos2, Il1b, Il6, and Tnfa; M2 markers: Arg1, Tgfb, Vegfa, and Ccl22) and the data showed that the transcription levels of Nos2 were significantly increased in PCCA knockdown tumor tissues (Figure 5D, E), which was reversed in the tissues with PCCA overexpression (Figure S4C, D). Here, TGFB1 is linked to neoplasm.