Yang et al. used mass spectrum analysis to screen for differentially lactylated proteins between clinical intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) and paracancerous tissues, and found that nucleolin (NCL) is lactylated at lysine 477 in response to a hyperactivity of glycolysis and potentiates iCCA pathogenesis via the MAPK pathway [13]. The gene discussed is NUCLEOLIN; the disease is intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.