NSUN2 and gastric cancer: To dissect the biological function of NSUN2 lactylation in tumor cells, NSUN2 was knocked out in MKN45 gastric cancer cells using CRISPR/Cas9 system (Fig. 2A and B), and NSUN2-null cells were subjected to untargeted metabolomics analysis (APTBIO, Shanghai, China) using vector-alone cells as control.