However, in a retrospective cross-sectional studyinvolving 856 male T2DM patients, HbA1c and insulin use did not differsignificantly between CVD and non-CVD individuals [43], and another studyconcluded that age-adjusted HbA1c was not a risk factor for osteoporosis inpostmenopausal women with T2DM [44]. This evidence concerns the gene INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus.