Pembrolizumab, a programmed death (PD)-1 inhibitor, stands as a first-line option for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and a high programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression [tumor proportion score (TPS) ≥50%], showing superior overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall response rate (ORR) compared to chemotherapy, with better toxicity profile (1, 2). This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.