MAP2K7 and neoplasm: The main mechanisms of Sorafenib resistance in RCC are classified into five different categories: non-coding RNA-mediated resistance (Gao et al., 2014; Li et al., 2019), upregulation of pro-angiogenic signaling pathways (Schor-Bardach et al., 2009; Crona et al., 2019), activation of RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways (Wilhelm et al., 2004; Sekino et al., 2020), abnormal intracellular pharmacokinetics (Edginton et al., 2016; Zhang et al., 2020), and tumor hypoxic microenvironment-mediated drug resistance (Tang et al., 2010; Micucci et al., 2015).