Instead, we discovered new serum biomarkers in IC/BPS, including representatives of cytokines (IFNα, IL1RA, BAFF), chemokines (CCL11, CCL27), growth factors (HBEGF, HGF), proteins involved in tissue repair (MMP9, CHI3L1) and the adhesion molecule ICAM1. This evidence concerns the gene ICAM1 and Bartsocas-Papas syndrome 1.