To date, only four studies have determined serum biomarkers in IC/BPS patients and found elevated levels of CRP, IL1β, IL6, IL8, CXCL10, TNFα, VEGF, nerve growth factor (NGF) and oxidative stress markers [17, 53–55]. The gene discussed is CXCL10; the disease is Bartsocas-Papas syndrome 1.