TNF and colitis: Some studies have shown that the expression of inflammatory factors such as IL‐6, IL‐10, IL‐1B, CXCL8, and CCL2 is correlated with the response to anti‐TNF therapy in IBD.[48, 49, 50] Consistent with previous studies, our research revealed that F. nucleatum promoted the secretion of IL‐6, IL‐18, and TNF‐α and inhibited the secretion of IL‐10 in the serum of DSS‐induced colitis mice treated with IFX while increasing the expression of IL‐6 and TNF‐α in the colon tissues.