CST3 and chronic kidney disease: The American Heart Association guidelines on CV–kidney–metabolic health recommend that among adults with CV–kidney–metabolic disease stage II (those with metabolic risk factors, moderate‐to‐high risk CKD, or both) or higher, UACR should be measured annually, in addition to eGFR estimation using serum creatinine or cystatin C to allow accurate KDIGO staging and CKD risk assessment [45].