Remarkably, AML patients who had not been treated intensively and showed low expression of CD40 (HR = 0.23, 95% CI, 0.05–0.99, p = 0.04) or CD62P (OS, HR = 0.24, 95% CI, 0.05–1.02, p = 0.05) on circulating EVAML experienced poor outcomes, as reported by univariable Cox regression analysis for overall survival (Supplementary Fig. 4b, c). Here, CD40 is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.