TNF and neoplasm: During the growth and development of tumors, tumor cells can secrete or induce normal cells to secrete related influencing biological factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (4), interleukin-6 (IL-6) (5), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) (6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) (7), vascular permeability factor (VPF) (8), and cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) (9).