Here, we review recent research progress on AKR1B10 in digestive system tumors such as hepatocellular carcinoma, gastric carcinoma, colorectal carcinoma, pancreatic carcinoma, oral squamous cell carcinoma, laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma, over the last 5 years. The gene discussed is AKR1B10; the disease is oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma.