NPPB and cardiac hypertrophy: Figures 11F, I, K, L show that in mediating HDC’s improvement of myocardial hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis, GPX4 is stronger than FSP1 and DHODH, and FSP1 is stronger than DHODH. As shown in Figure 11J, in mediating HDC’s reduction of serum NT-proBNP, DHODH is weaker than GPX4 and FSP1, with no significant difference between GPX4 and FSP1.