Comparison of LVEF and NT-proBNP among groups revealed that the LVEF in the Sham group was significantly higher than in any other group, and the NT-proBNP was significantly lower, while there was no inter-group difference in LVEF and NT-proBNP in all TAC model groups (Supplementary Figure 1F), indicating a consistent level of HF across groups. Here, NPPB is linked to persistent truncus arteriosus.