CKB and hepatocellular carcinoma: Models with high discrimination (C-index ≥ 0.70) in CKB were as follows: (1) general population: Li-2018 and Wen 1–2012 for HCC, CLivD score (non-lab and lab) and dAAR for CLD; (2) hepatitis B virus (HBV) infected individuals: Cao-2021 for HCC and CAP-B for CLD.