CD4 and neoplasm: No significant changes were witnessed in the levels of CD45+CD8+ T cells and CD45+CD4+ T cells (Figs. 4A and 4C), but those of CD45+CD8+IFN-γ+ T cells and CD45+CD4+IFN-γ+ T cells increased obviously (Figs. 4B and 4D), indicating activation of these immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) upon the induction from the combination of venetoclax and fruquintinib.