Among them are (i) the secretion of cytokines such as IL-7, IL-12, IL-15 or IL-18, to increase cell persistence and T cell cytotoxicity, (ii) armoring the cells against TGFβ-mediated inhibitory signals in the hostile TME or (iii) the production of chemokines such as CCL19 or CXCR2 to improve T cells infiltration to the tumor (43, 44). Here, TGFB1 is linked to neoplasm.