INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: The beneficial impacts of whey protein as a preload in individuals with T2D [3,4,33] have been linked to diverse mechanisms, including slowing of gastric emptying and/or delayed glucose absorption in the small intestine [34,35], improved postprandial insulinaemia stemming from enhanced β-cell function and/or reduced insulin clearance [36], as well as enhanced secretion of incretin peptides such as GLP1, GIP, and PYY [[37], [38], [39], [40]].