Cleaved caspase-1, IL-1, NLRP3 and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC)-specks were detected in postmortem PD brain tissues and plasma from PD patients, indicating an overall increase in inflammasome activity compared to age-matched controls [132,154,155]. The gene discussed is CASP1; the disease is Parkinson disease.