For this study, we chose to evaluate concentration changes in response to nebulization for select growth factors (PDGF, TGF-β1), pro- (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ) and anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-10) cytokines, and the antimicrobial peptide (Beta Defensin-1), that could hold potential relevance for the use of PL in treating bacterial pneumonia. Here, IL4 is linked to bacterial pneumonia.