CRP and anemia (phenotype): We will measure serum ferritin and soluble transferrin receptor in maternal serum, which will be adjusted for inflammation (C-reactive protein (CRP) and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP)) as recommended by WHO and Biomarkers Reflecting Inflammation and Nutritional Determinants of Anemia.23, 25 Serum hepcidin will be measured using validated competitive ELISA.26