Ten DEP were identified: ILK, ITGA4, GPRC5A, FNTA, SCPEP1, EPB41L3, and SORBS1, which were significantly more highly expressed in DCIS compared with IDC, whereas ACAP1, ATP6V0A1, and KPRP were significantly more highly expressed in IDC compared with DCIS (Fig. 3B; Supplementary Table S4). Here, SORBS1 is linked to ductal breast carcinoma in situ.