Although no significant correlation was observed between 4-HNE expression and the prognosis in esophageal cancer tissues, 4-HNE metabolism by various enzymes, in addition to the extent of 4-HNE accumulation as lipid peroxidation is regulated by GPX4 and FSP1, may be observed and should be evaluated together with other lipid peroxidation markers. Here, GPX4 is linked to esophageal cancer.